The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
QUE-1- What is a habitat?
Ans: The surroundings where animals live is called their habitat. The organisms depend on their habitat for their food, water, air, shelter and other needs. Habitat means a dwelling place.
QUE-2- How are cactus adapted to survive in a desert?
Ans: Cactus are adapted to survive in a desert as they have
(i) No leaves or spiny leaves to prevent water loss through transpiration.
(ii) Stem is modified in such a way that it performs photosynthesis and conserves water.
(iii) Their roots go very deep into the soil for absorbing water.
QUE-3-Fill in the blanks:
(a) The presence of specific features which enables a plant or an animal to live in a particular habitat is called adaptation.
(b) The habitats of the plants and animals that live on land are called terrestrial habitats.
(c)The habitats of plants and animals that live in water are called aquatic habitats.
(d) Soil, water and air are the abiotic factors of a habitats.
(e) Changes in our surroundings that make us respond to them are called stimuli.
QUE-4-Explain the characteristics of living organisms.
Ans. There are following characteristics of living organisms
(i) All living organisms require food. The food gives energy for growth and to maintain other life processes.
(ii) All living organisms show growth. Young ones of animals grow into adults. Plants also grow.
(iii) All living organisms respire. In respiration oxygen is used for the oxidftion of food and carbon dioxide is produced.
(iv) All living organisms respond to stimuli. All plants and animal respond to light, heat and the changes around them.
(v) All living organisms show excretion. The process of getting rid of waste product by the living organisms is called excretion. Plants also remove their wastes.
(vi) All living organisms reproduce. The process by which plants and animals produce their own kind is called reproduction.
QUE-5- Write the difference between living and non-living things.
Ans. LIVING THINGS
1-Living things need food, air and water.
2- Living things grow.
3-Living things can move on their
4- Living things are sensitive.
5- Living things respond to changes around them.
6- Living things reproduce themselves.
7- Living things respire.
8- Living things release energy from food.
9-Living things excrete waste materials from their body.
10-Living things have a definite life cycle.
11-Living things are made up of living cells.
NON LIVING THINGS
1-Non living things do not need food, air and water.
2- Non living things do not grow.
3-Non living things cannot move on their own.
4-Non living things are not sensitive.
5- They do not respond to changes around them,
6- Non living things do not reproduce.
7- Non living things do not respire.
8-Non living things do not excrete from their body.
9-Non living things do not have definite life cycle.
10- Non living things are not made up of cells.
QUE-6-Which of the things in the following list are non-living?
Ans: Plough, Mushrooms, Sewing machine, Radio, Boat, Water, Hyacinth, Earthworm. Plough, Sewing machine, Radio, Boat and water are non-living.
QUE-7-Give an example of a non-living thing which shows any two characteristics of living thing.
Ans: Example of non-living thing is cloud which shows following two characteristics of living things:
(i) It grows in size
(ii) It shows movement.
QUE-8-Which of the following non-living things were once part of a living thing?
Butter, Leather, Soil, Wool, Electric Bulb, Cooking Oil, Salt, Apple, Rubber.
Ans:Butter, Leather, Wool, Cooking oil, Apple and Rubber are the non-living things which were once part of a living thing.
QUE-9-List the common characteristics of living things.
Ans: Some common characteristics of living things are:
- Growth
- Movement
- Reproduction
- Respiration
- Responsiveness
- Excretion
QUE-10-Explain why speed is important for survival in the grasslands for animals that live there. (Hint: There are few trees or places for animals to hide in grasslands habitats).
Ans: In grasslands habitats, there are few trees or places for animals to hide. When their enemy attacks they have to run faster so as to reach a safe place. If they fail, they lose their life. So, the speed is very important for survival of grassland animals.
|
